Human prion diseases and the risk of their transmission during anatomical
dissection
Authors
Barry M. Bradford,
Pedro Piccardo,
James W. Ironside,
Neil A. Mabbott
First published: 17 April 2014Full publication history DOI:
10.1002/ca.22403 Citing literature Funding Information Abstract
Prion diseases (or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies) are a unique
group of fatal progressive neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous
system. The infectious agent is hypothesized to consist solely of a highly
protease‐resistant misfolded isoform of the host prion protein. Prions display a
remarkable degree of resistance to chemical and physical decontamination. Many
common forms of decontamination or neutralization used in infection control are
ineffective against prions, except chaotropic agents that specifically disrupt
proteins. Human cadaveric prosection or dissection for the purposes of teaching
and demonstration of human anatomy has a distinguished history and remains one
of the fundamentals of medical education. Iatrogenic transmission of human prion
diseases has been demonstrated from the inoculation or implantation of human
tissues. Therefore, although the incidence of human prion diseases is rare,
restrictions exist upon the use of tissues from patients reported with dementia,
specifically the brain and other central nervous system material. A current
concern is the potential for asymptomatic variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
transmission within the UK population. Therefore, despite the preventative
measures, the transmission of prion disease through human tissues remains a
potential risk to those working with these materials. In this review, we aim to
summarize the current knowledge on human prion disease relevant to those working
with human tissues in the context of anatomical dissection. Clin. Anat., 2014. ©
2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr. [flounder@wt.net]
Sent: Monday, January 08,200l 3:03 PM
To: freas@CBS5055530.CBER.FDA.GOV
Subject: CJD/BSE (aka madcow) Human/Animal TSE’s--U.S.--Submission To
Scientific Advisors and Consultants Staff January 2001 Meeting (short version)
Greetings again Dr. Freas and Committee Members,
I wish to submit the following information to the Scientific Advisors and
Consultants Staff 2001 Advisory Committee (short version).
snip...
AND PLEASE FOR GODS SAKE, STOP saying vCJD victims are the only ones tied
to this environmental death sentence. "PROVE IT". It's just not true. The
'CHOSEN ONES' are not the only ones dying because of this man-made death
sentence. When making regulations for human health from human/animal TSEs, you
had better include ALL human TSE's, not just vCJD. Do NOT underestimate sporadic
CJD with the 'prehistoric' testing available to date. This could be a deadly
mistake. Remember, sCJD kills much faster from 1st onset.of symptoms to death,
and hvCJD is the fastest. Could it just be a higher titre of infectivity, or
route or source, or all three?
Last, but not least. The illegal/legal harvesting of body parts and tissues
will come back to haunt you. Maybe not morally, but due to NO background checks
and human TSEs, again it will continue to spread.
Stupidity, Ignorance and Greed is what fuels this disease.
You must stop all of this, and ACT AT ONCE...
U.S.A. 50 STATE BSE MAD COW CONFERENCE CALL Jan. 9, 2001
Wednesday, October 09, 2013
WHY THE UKBSEnvCJD ONLY THEORY IS SO POPULAR IN IT'S FALLACY, £41,078,281
in compensation REVISED
Tuesday, March 11, 2014
Science and Technology Committee Oral evidence: Blood, tissue and organ
screening, HC 990 Wednesday 5 March 2014 SPORADIC CJD
Actually, it is nearer 2 per million per year of the population will
develop sporadic CJD, but your lifetime risk of developing sporadic CJD is about
1 in 30,000. So that has not really changed. When people talk about 1 per
million, often they interpret that as thinking it is incredibly rare. They think
they have a 1-in-a-million chance of developing this disease. You haven’t.
You’ve got about a 1-in-30,000 chance of developing it.
Sunday, March 09, 2014
A Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Lookback Study: Assessing the Risk of
Blood Borne Transmission of Classic Forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
FDA TSEAC CIRCUS AND TRAVELING ROAD SHOW FOR THE TSE PRION DISEASES
Friday, February 14, 2014
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) biannual update (February 2014), with
briefing on novel human prion disease National CJD Research and Surveillance
Unit NCJDRSU
Tuesday, February 11, 2014
Novant Health Forsyth Medical Center Information on potential CJD exposure
Thursday, April 17, 2014
Novant: Three more may have been exposed to disease CJD
Wednesday, January 15, 2014
*** INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF CJD, VCJD AND OTHER HUMAN PRION
DISEASES IN HEALTHCARE AND COMMUNITY SETTINGS Variably Protease-Sensitive
Prionopathy (VPSPr) January 15, 2014
*** 1: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994 Jun;57(6):757-8
Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease to a chimpanzee by electrodes
contaminated during neurosurgery.
Gibbs CJ Jr, Asher DM, Kobrine A, Amyx HL, Sulima MP, Gajdusek DC.
Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute of
Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, MD 20892.
Stereotactic multicontact electrodes used to probe the cerebral cortex of a
middle aged woman with progressive dementia were previously implicated in the
accidental transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) to two younger
patients. The diagnoses of CJD have been confirmed for all three cases. More
than two years after their last use in humans, after three cleanings and
repeated sterilisation in ethanol and formaldehyde vapour, the electrodes were
implanted in the cortex of a chimpanzee. Eighteen months later the animal became
ill with CJD. This finding serves to re-emphasise the potential danger posed by
reuse of instruments contaminated with the agents of spongiform
encephalopathies, even after scrupulous attempts to clean them.
PMID: 8006664 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8006664&dopt=Abstract
New studies on the heat resistance of hamster-adapted scrapie agent:
Threshold survival after ashing at 600°C suggests an inorganic template of
replication
Prion Infected Meat-and-Bone Meal Is Still Infectious after Biodiesel
Production
Detection of protease-resistant cervid prion protein in water from a
CWD-endemic area
A Quantitative Assessment of the Amount of Prion Diverted to Category 1
Materials and Wastewater During Processing
Rapid assessment of bovine spongiform encephalopathy prion inactivation by
heat treatment in yellow grease produced in the industrial manufacturing process
of meat and bone meals
PPo4-4:
Survival and Limited Spread of TSE Infectivity after Burial
*** The potential impact of prion diseases on human health was greatly
magnified by the recognition that interspecies transfer of BSE to humans by beef
ingestion resulted in vCJD. While changes in animal feed constituents and
slaughter practices appear to have curtailed vCJD, there is concern that CWD of
free-ranging deer and elk in the U.S. might also cross the species barrier.
Thus, consuming venison could be a source of human prion disease. Whether BSE
and CWD represent interspecies scrapie transfer or are newly arisen prion
diseases is unknown. Therefore, the possibility of transmission of prion disease
through other food animals cannot be ruled out. There is evidence that vCJD can
be transmitted through blood transfusion. There is likely a pool of unknown size
of asymptomatic individuals infected with vCJD, and there may be asymptomatic
individuals infected with the CWD equivalent. These circumstances represent a
potential threat to blood, blood products, and plasma supplies.
Saturday, November 16, 2013
Management of neurosurgical instruments and patients exposed to
creutzfeldt-jakob disease 2013 December
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol.
Tuesday, May 28, 2013
Late-in-life surgery associated with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a
methodological outline for evidence-based guidance
Wednesday, January 15, 2014
*** INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF CJD, VCJD AND OTHER HUMAN PRION
DISEASES IN HEALTHCARE AND COMMUNITY SETTINGS Variably Protease-Sensitive
Prionopathy (VPSPr) January 15, 2014
Wednesday, November 27, 2013
NHS failed to sterilise surgical instruments contaminated with 'mad cow'
disease
Friday, January 10, 2014
*** vpspr, sgss, sffi, TSE, an iatrogenic by-product of gss, ffi, familial
type prion disease, what it ???
Thursday, January 23, 2014
Medical Devices Containing Materials Derived from Animal Sources (Except
for In Vitro Diagnostic Devices) [Docket No. FDA–2013–D–1574]
Sunday, April 06, 2014
SPORADIC CJD and the potential for zoonotic transmission there from, either
directly or indirectly via friendly fire iatrogenic mode, evidence to date
“Cases of vCJD peaked in 2000, leading some scientists to speculate that
the disease has an incubation period of about a decade. Yet studies of different
forms of CJD suggest that the incubation time of vCJD could be much longer,
indicating that many people in Britain could be carrying the infection without
symptoms.”
Monday, October 14, 2013
Researchers estimate one in 2,000 people in the UK carry variant CJD
proteins
However, I think that the specific confusion there is that people talk
about sporadic CJD occurring at 1 per million. That is not your individual risk.
Your risk is 1 per million every year. Actually, it is nearer 2 per million per
year of the population will develop sporadic CJD, but your lifetime risk of
developing sporadic CJD is about 1 in 30,000. So that has not really changed.
When people talk about 1 per million, often they interpret that as thinking it
is incredibly rare. They think they have a 1-in-a-million chance of developing
this disease. You haven’t. You’ve got about a 1-in-30,000 chance of developing
it.
Cases of vCJD peaked in 2000, leading some scientists to speculate that the
disease has an incubation period of about a decade. Yet studies of different
forms of CJD suggest that the incubation time of vCJD could be much longer,
indicating that many people in Britain could be carrying the infection without
symptoms.
Tuesday, April 01, 2014
Questions linger in U.S. CJD cases 2005, and still do in 2014
Monday, March 10, 2014
Investigators study silent variant of mad cow disease Galveston Daily News
March 4, 2014
Wednesday, April 02, 2014
Distinct origins of dura mater graft-associated Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease:
past and future problems
Thursday, April 12, 2012
Health professions and risk of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, 1965 to
2010
Eurosurveillance, Volume 17, Issue 15, 12 April 2012
Research articles
Tuesday, May 28, 2013
Late-in-life surgery associated with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a
methodological outline for evidence-based guidance
Sunday, June 9, 2013
TSEAC March 14, 2013: Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies Advisory
Committee Meeting Webcast
Tuesday, May 21, 2013
CJD, TSE, PRION, BLOOD Abstracts of the 23rd Regional Congress of the
International Society of Blood Transfusion, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June
2-5, 2013
Tuesday, March 5, 2013
Use of Materials Derived From Cattle in Human Food and Cosmetics; Reopening
of the Comment Period FDA-2004-N-0188-0051 (TSS SUBMISSION)
FDA believes current regulation protects the public from BSE but reopens
comment period due to new studies
Thursday, October 25, 2012
Current limitations about the cleaning of luminal endoscopes and TSE prion
risk factors there from
Article in Press
Saturday, January 16, 2010
Evidence For CJD TSE Transmission Via Endoscopes 1-24-3 re-Singeltary to
Bramble et al
Evidence For CJD/TSE Transmission Via Endoscopes
From Terry S. Singletary, Sr flounder@wt.net 1-24-3
Terry S. Singeltary Sr., P.O. BOX 42, Bacliff, Texas 77518 USA
Professor Michael Farthing wrote:
Louise Send this to Bramble (author) for a comment before we post. Michael
Tuesday, July 31, 2012
11 patients may have been exposed to fatal disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Disease CJD Greenville Memorial Hospital
Thursday, August 02, 2012
CJD case in Saint John prompts letter to patients Canada CJD case in Saint
John prompts letter to patients
Saturday, February 12, 2011
Another Pathologists dies from CJD, another potential occupational death ?
another happenstance of bad luck, a spontaneous event from nothing, or
friendly fire ???
Thursday, July 08, 2010
GLOBAL CLUSTERS OF CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE - A REVIEW 2010
Sunday, May 10, 2009
Meeting of the Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies Committee On June
12, 2009 (Singeltary submission)
Thursday, January 29, 2009
Medical Procedures and Risk for Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Japan,
1999-2008 (WARNING TO Neurosurgeons and Ophthalmologists) Volume 15, Number
2-February 2009 Research
Wednesday, August 20, 2008
Tonometer disinfection practice in the United Kingdom: A national survey
Tuesday, August 12, 2008
Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories Fifth Edition 2007
(occupational exposure to prion diseases)
Monday, December 31, 2007
Risk Assessment of Transmission of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in
Endodontic Practice in Absence of Adequate Prion Inactivation
Subject: CJD: update for dental staff
Date: November 12, 2006 at 3:25 pm PST
1: Dent Update. 2006 Oct;33(8):454-6, 458-60.
CJD: update for dental staff.
Friday, July 19, 2013
Beaumont Hospital in Dublin assessing patients for CJD
Saturday, September 21, 2013
CJD CONFIRMED in patient at New Hampshire Department of Health and Human
Services (DHHS), Catholic Medical Center (CMC), and the Manchester Health
Department (MHD)
Thursday, September 26, 2013
Minimise transmission risk of CJD and vCJD in healthcare settings Guidance
Wednesday, June 19, 2013
Spreading of tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease by cell-to-cell
transmission
MAD COW TESTING ONLY CATCHES SOME MAD COWS
SPREADING IT ALL AROUND
Saturday, October 19, 2013
***A comparative study of modified confirmatory techniques and additional
immuno-based methods for non-conclusive autolytic Bovine spongiform
encephalopathy cases
Sunday, October 27, 2013
A Kiss of a Prion: New Implications for Oral Transmissibility
Wednesday, December 11, 2013
*** Detection of Infectivity in Blood of Persons with Variant and Sporadic
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease ***
Sunday, January 19, 2014
*** National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center Cases Examined1 as
of January 8, 2014 ***
Saturday, April 19, 2014
Exploring the zoonotic potential of animal prion diseases: In vivo and in
vitro approaches
TSS
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